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The following links are provided to illustrate the wide range of applications of CL. We have no financial interest in any of the organizations or individual mentioned except to note that they are customers of RELION. If you do contact them, we would appreciate your mentioning that you heard about them through our web site. 

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Benthic foram from Jurassic Bugarone Formation, Apennines. CL image. Foram and cements are calcite. Dolomite rhombs abound outside foram. 12 kV, 0.5 mA. Foram is about 200 microns wide. Reconditioned Luminoscope® furnished by RELION Industries. Erick Staley, U. California, Berkeley.

benthic foram color.jpg (740149 bytes)

Same sample of benthic foram, transmitted light. Erick Staley, U. California, Berkeley.

benthic foram bw.jpg (725597 bytes)

CL image of a sulfide-calcite veinlet cutting altered andesitic hornfels.
Brilliant yellow orange CL is calcite (Mn+2 activation). Grains with lemon
yellow CL are apatite (also Mn+2 activation). K-spar exhibits light blue CL.
The orange red CL is a calcite with different activators/quenchers. Photo
courtesy of Jim Clark and AMT (USA) Inc.
Jim Clark, Applied Petrographics, Tucson, AZ

andesitic hornfels color.jpg (613059 bytes)

Two yellow luminescing natural chromium diopsides from Brazil contrast the  brownish red CL of four natural chromium diopsides from Russia. The outer left Brazilian stone is 8.5 mm long.  Cond. excit.: 9.0 kV; 0.7 mA. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

MARSHL~1.JPG (68979 bytes)

Natural cut diamond (0.56 ct) showing Pueblo-zoning i.e. a trapezoidal growth feature that can only be observed by CL bombardments of natural untreated light yellow to brown  colored diamonds. Cond. excit.: 10 kV; 0.95 mA. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

marshlink02.jpg (76092 bytes)

A synthetic experimental diamond of De Beers of 0.90 ct with sectoral growth features. The yellowish green luminescing sector top right is the basal plane (001). The strictly zonated sector in the lower left lies parallel to a (111) plane. Between both a small blue sector of a higher indexed plane becomes visible. Other planes show no luminescence. The orange needles are a still unknown feature. Cond.excit.: 9.5 kV; 0.9 mA. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

marshlink03.jpg (56497 bytes)

CL colours of three colorless cut stones: the blue CL colour is the intrinsic fea­ture of a 13.18 ct brilliant-cut topaz of 16 mm diameter. A brown CL exhibits the 4.12 ct scapolite in the lower left, and the red CL is due to minute amounts of threevalent chromium ions in an old synthetic leucosapphire. Cond.excit.: 7.5 kV; 0.8 mA. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

marshlink04.jpg (59705 bytes)

CL of two nearly opaque colorless cabochons: The red CL belongs to a 2.53 ct Geuda sapphire from Sri Lanka prior to its heat treatment when its daylight color  turns into a fine blue. The nearly egg yolk CL color has to be attributed to manganese activator ions in a rare apatite cat’s eye from the Austrian Alps (Museum for Natural History Vienna, No. M3894). Cond.excit.: 12 kV; 0.9 mA. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

marshlink05.jpg (34601 bytes)

Why we like to travel! View of the Dachstein mountain range and the Hallstatt glacier, near the village of Dachstein, Austria. Rock salt has been mined in this area for more than 2,500 years. The area is also of great interest to archaeologists and they continue to find new interesting artifacts there - maybe another frozen traveler from the past?. Dr. Johann Ponahlo, Vienna

marshlpriv01.jpg (76569 bytes)

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Last modified: 04/21/05